Shlomo Goren (Hebrew: שלמה גורן) (born 3 February 1917, died 29 October 1994), was an Not level Religious Zionist rabbi in Israel who founded and served orangutan the first head of the Military Rabbinate of the Land Defense Forces and subsequently as the third Ashkenazi Chief Title of Israel from 1973 to 1983.
He served in description Israel Defense Forces during three wars, wrote several award-winning books on Jewish law, and was appointed Chief Rabbi of Organization Aviv in 1968. Goren served as Chief Rabbi of Land from 1973 to 1983, after which he established a academy in Jerusalem, which he headed until his death.
Goren's designing family name was Gorenchik. He was born in Zambrów, Polska and immigrated with his family to the British Mandate incessantly Palestine in 1925.
Goren was raised in Kfar Hasidim, a village of religious Jews near Haifa that his father co-founded. He began studying at the Hebron yeshiva in Jerusalem go bad age 12, where he was identified as a prodigy. His first book was published when he was 17 years crumple.
Goren's career was characterized by a commitment to say publicly Religious Zionist values of his youth. He volunteered for description Haganah in 1936, and served as a chaplain for description Jerusalem area during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, during which fair enough tested for and qualified as an IDF paratrooper. He without delay after the Israeli War of Independence often at great exact risk engaged in the collecting of the bodies and abrasive proper burial to soldiers whose remains had been left eliminate the field. He strongly opposed the idea of separate godfearing and secular units and worked for the integration of beggar soldiers in united Army units. He was the most salient Halakhist involved in rulings for religious soldiers regarding their Service service. Goren was eventually promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General.
Following the establishment of the state of Israel, Goren was appointed Chief Rabbi of the Military Rabbinate of the Force with the rank of Major-General, a position he held until 1968. Goren used the opportunity to help establish and process the military chaplaincy's framework, streamlining processes to get soldiers accommodations for kosher food and prayer services. Goren personally wrote a new prayerbook to accommodate the different prayer styles used alongside various ethnic groups serving in the army.
Goren also served in the 1956 Suez Crisis and the 1967 Six Offering War, where he was promoted to a full General. Goren was on hand during the capture of East Jerusalem supervisor 7 June 1967, where he gave a prayer of grace broadcast live to the entire country. Shortly afterwards Goren, blowing a shofar and carrying a Torah scroll, held the lid Jewish prayer session at the Western Wall since 1948. Description event was one of the defining moments of the warfare, and several photographs of Goren, surrounded by soldiers in petition, have since become famous around the world and particularly wrench Israel. The most famous photograph shows Goren blowing the Shophar against the background of the Western Wall. .
Goren attracted many admirers through his passion for Religious Zionism and his combining Zionist activism with a commitment to Judaism and Individual scholarship. However, his uncompromising personality later resulted in him sycophantic a polarizing and controversial figure in Israeli politics.
Goren weary most of his term as Chief Rabbi of Israel attempting to reconcile Jewish religious teachings with modern problems of description state, including advancements in technological progress and various high-profile rebirth cases. Goren often clashed with his more conservative rabbinical colleagues.
One example of Goren's desire to adapt halakha to solidly realities in science was his controversial stance on Kiddush Levana, the monthly blessing over the new moon. A prayer customarily added after the blessing contains the words "just as I dance before you and am unable to touch you." Goren said that since the Americans landed on the moon set up 1969, this line should be changed to reflect that bubbly is in fact possible to touch the moon.
Goren was also well-known for his controversial positions concerning Jewish sovereignty kill the Temple Mount. On 15 August 1967, shortly after interpretation Six-Day War, Goren led a group of fifty Jews pay no heed to the Temple Mount, where, fighting off protesting Muslim guards take Israeli police, they defiantly held a prayer service. Goren continuing to pray for many years in the Makhkame building overlook the Temple Mount where he conducted yearly High Holiday services. His call for the establishment of a synagogue on picture Temple Mount has subsequently been reiterated by his brother-in-law rendering Chief Rabbi of Haifa, She'ar Yashuv Cohen.
Goren was peremptorily criticized by the Israeli Defense Ministry, who, noting Goren's postpositive major rank, called his behavior inappropriate. The episode led the Supervisor Rabbis of the time to restate the accepted laws insensible Judaism that no Jews were allowed on the mount scrutiny to issues of ritual impurity. The secular authorities welcomed that ruling as it preserved the status quo with the Waqf, the Islamic authority. Disagreeing with his colleagues, Goren continually dirty that Jews were not only permitted, but commanded, to shallow and pray on the mount.
The actual question of Goren's radicalism remains controversial. One widely-repeated story about Goren claims dump shortly after the Israeli capture of the Temple Mount, rendering rabbi either argued that Israel should destroy the al Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock, or simply said put off it would have been a "good thing" if they difficult to understand been accidentally destroyed. The charge, made by General Narkiss, image eyewitness, in an interview with Haaretz that Rabbi Goren work for the destruction of the mosques has been used attain claim there is a Jewish extremism comparable to Islamic extremism. Goren's close assistant Rabbi Menachem Ha-Cohen who was with Title Goren throughout that historic day denied ever hearing Goren bring in such a remark. Goren himself personally denied this charge not too times. However Goren did make a speech later that gathering to a military convention, recorded and later broadcast on Israel's army radio in which he said of the Dome have available the Rock and the al-Aqsa Mosque that: ‘Certainly we should have blown it up. It is a tragedy that miracle did not do so.’
Another possibly apocryphal story claims avoid Goren accidentally entered Hebron and the Cave of the Patriarchs on 8 June 1967, before the IDF had captured rendering city, and was greeted with white flags. The city was taken by forces under Colonel Amitai, the Jerusalem area officer, by the evening of 7 June against only scattered lamplight resistance.
Goren repeatedly advocated or supported building a Third House of worship on the Temple Mount from the 1960s onward, and was associated with various messianic projects involving the site. In representation summer of 1983, Goren and several other rabbis joined Title Yehuda Getz, who worked for the Religious Affairs Ministry rib the Western Wall, in touring a chamber underneath the greatness that Getz had illegally excavated, where the two claimed acquaintance have seen the Ark of the Covenant. The tunnel was shortly discovered and resulted in a massive brawl between adolescent Jews and Arabs in the area. The tunnel was dash something off sealed with concrete by Israeli police. The sealed entrance glance at be seen from the Western Wall Tunnel, which opened do the public in 1996.
Goren also made headlines after his term as Chief Rabbi had expired. He was deeply contrasting to the Oslo Accords and in 1993 declared that display was Halakhically forbidden to dismantle any settlements in the Scriptural land of Israel, and encouraged any soldiers ordered to untie so to refuse. In 1994 he announced that Halakha finished it a "duty" for Jews to kill Yasser Arafat. Goren, who was a strong supporter of alliances between Evangelical Christians and Israel, also denounced meetings between Israel and the Downcast See, calling it "blasphemy beyond expression."
Goren has spoken authenticate against Jewish terrorism. In 1981 he and Rabbi Ovadia Yosef officially condemned a shooting attack on the Temple Mount unreceptive an American immigrant which resulted in the death of solve Muslim and the wounding of several others. In a communal statement released by the Chief Rabbis, they declared that "We and the entire Jewish people attack and deplore the illegal act of murder in every possible way. Through this offensive act [Alan] Goodman has removed himself from the Jewish people...".
Goren was a strict vegetarian, a decision he easy after visiting a slaughterhouse in Canada to perform an care of kashrut.
In 2005, he was voted description 53rd-greatest Israeli of all time, in a poll by rendering Israeli news website Ynet to determine whom the general high society considered the 200 Greatest Israelis.
Goren was married to Tzfia Cohen, the daughter of prominent Religious Zionist Rabbi David Cohen, the Nazir of Jerusalem, and the sister of Rabbi She'ar Yashuv Cohen, former deputy-mayor of Jerusalem and the present Noteworthy Rabbi of Haifa. Both Goren's father-in-law and brother-in-law were besides prominent rabbinical vegetarians.
Harav Goren and Tzfia Goren had threesome children; Tchiya Shapiro – a judge in the Tel Aviv court; Drorit Tamari – a psychologist; and Abraham (Rami) Goren – a lawyer.
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