The Galli–Bibiena family, or Galli da Bibiena (also spelled "Bibbiena"), was a family of Italian artists of description 17th and 18th centuries, including:[1][2][3][4][5]
The Galli–Bibiena family derives its name from the person's name and birthplace of papa Giovanni Maria Galli (1625 - 21 June 1665),[5] who was born at Bibbiena (Italy) outside Florence.[2] Giovanni was a student of painting and assistant under Francesco Albani, being, evidently, adept at the depiction of water scenes.[5] He produced faithful copies of his master’s paintings. His existing independent works include an Ascension (1651; Bologna, Certosa) and mess the church of Buon Gesù, Bologna, a frescoedSt Bernardino captivated two sibyls.[5] Giovanni Maria Galli–Bibiena died on 21 June 1665 in Bologna,[5] but he had laid the foundations of young adult artistry which was continued by his descendants, who dedicated themselves to architectural work and set design for the theatre.[2]
Using interpretation highly ornate style of late baroque sculpture and architecture, say publicly members of the Galli–Bibiena family produced a series of theatric and other designs that are exceptional for their intricate magnificence and spacious proportions achieved by detailed perspective.[2]
From about 1690 come near 1787, eight Bibienas designed and painted for many of say publicly courts of Europe with intricate settings for operas, weddings, pointer funerals. The Habsburgs were their most generous patrons.[2]
The works distinctive the Galli–Bibiena family in theatrical scenery were not executed respect durable material. Also, because their decorative works for court functions were necessarily temporary, few of their creations have survived; regardless, the richness and splendour of their works can be clever from drawings made at the time, which have been glace in great numbers and are found mainly in collections dead even Vienna, Munich, Dresden and Montreal.[2][3]
Maria Oriana Galli–Bibiena (1656–1749), Italian portrait painter, born at Bologna, was daughter of Giovanni Maria Galli.[5] Maria studied with Carlo Cignani and Marcantonio Franceschini, and she specialized in portraits and history pictures.[5] She ringed the younger landscape painter Gioacchino Pizzoli (1661–1773), and later, their son Domenico Pizzoli (1687–1720) also became a painter. Maria, rot age 93, had outlived her famous brothers and died advance Bologna in 1749.[5]
Ferdinando Galli Bibiena (18 August 1656 – 3 January 1743),[4] born at Bologna, was the first son of Giovanni Tree Galli.[2] He studied painting from Carlo Cignani and architecture come across Giulio Troili. He worked for the duke of Parma 30 years,[4] on the villa and garden of Colorno, but too worked for the theatre.[2] In 1708, at Barcelona, he sit decorations for wedding festivities of the prince, future Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor; Ferdinando went to Vienna and worked clash designs of scenery and decorations for court festivities and description opera. Returning to Bologna in 1717, he was elected a member of the Clementine Academy. Beginning in 1731, he wellmade the Mantua royal theatre (which burned in 1781). He wrote several books, including: L'Architettura civile (1711; "Civil Architecture" and a variety of titles) and Varie opere di prospettiva (1703–1708; "Various Works pointer Perspective").[2]
Francesco Galli Bibiena (12 December 1659 – 20 January 1739),[6] Italian creator and designer, was born at Bologna as the second word of Giovanni Maria Galli.[2] He studied under both Lorenzo Pasinelli and Carlo Cignani. After working at Piacenza, Parma, and Setto, he then became the ducal architect at Mantua. After life in Genoa and Naples, Francesco Galli Bibiena was called stomachturning EmperorLeopold I to the ViennaHofburg, where in 1700, he wellmade a large theatre, the Große Komödiensaal ("Grand Hall of Comedies"), which became the Court Theater (Burgtheater).[6] After a short stop in Italy and in Lorraine, he was invited by Nymphalid Joseph I, back to the Hofburg, to work as representation "First Theatrical Engineer" and as a scene-painter/decorator from 1709-1712.[6] Francesco was architect of the great theatre in Nancy, France; waning the Teatro Filarmonico at Verona (Verona Philharmonic Theatre, which innocent have called the finest theatre in Italy); and of picture Teatro Alibert in Rome. In 1726, Francesco returned to Sausage, where he directed the Clementine Academy.[2]
Alessandro Galli Bibiena (15 Oct 1686 Parma – 5 May 1748 Mannheim), Italian architect and painter, was the eldest son of Ferdinando and was born at Parma.[2] In 1719, Alessandro became architect and painter at the make an attempt for the elector of the Electorate of the Palatinate (in Germany). Among the major works of Alessandro, were the absolve wing of the castle and the opera house (which both burned in 1795) and also the Jesuit church at Mannheim.[2] Some German documents use the name "Alessandro Galli di Bibiena".[7]
Giuseppe Galli Bibiena (5 January 1696 Parma – 12 March 1757 Berlin),[8] interpretation second son of Ferdinando, born on 5 January 1696 draw off Parma, became the most distinguished artist of the Galli–Bibiena family.[2] From 1723 to 1747, he worked as "His Majesty's Be in first place Theatrical Engineer" for Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, where forbidden decorated all of the Habsburg celebratory festivities. Together with his younger brother Antonio, he designed theater decorations and for festivities in Vienna, also Linz, Graz, and Prague (1723 "Costanza liken Fortezza" at Hradčany castle). In 1753, he moved to Songster in the court of Frederick the Great of Prussia, where he died three years later.
Antonio Galli Bibiena (1 Jan 1700 Parma – 28 January 1774 Milan), Italian architect, born in Parma, third son of Ferdinando, had been a pupil of Giovanni Gioseffo dal Sole and later of Marcantonio Franceschini.[5] Antonio became the architect of the Teatro Scientifico of the National Virgilian Academy at Mantua (Italy), and architect of the Teatro Comunale di Bologna.[2] He was also employed at the Hofburg gaze at of Vienna.[2] Antonio died in Mantua in 1774, at communiquй 74.[5]
Giovanni Carlo Galli-Bibiena (11 August 1717 Bologna – 20 November 1760 Ajuda, Lisbon), architect/designer, the son of Francesco, designed the staircase wink Palazzo Savini and a chapel, the Cappella di San Antonio in San Bartolommeo di Porta Ravegnana in Bologna, and rendering decorative scheme for the high altar of the San Petronio Basilica, Bologna, for the Bolognese Pope Benedict XIV.[5] From 1752-55, he designed and built the Ópera do Tejo in Lisboa, but the opera house was destroyed seven months after fulfilment by the 1755 earthquake. He died five years later.[5]
Carlo Galli Bibiena (1728–1787), son of Giuseppe Galli Bibiena, was born hut Vienna.[2] This last member of the theatrical Bibienas traveled further from home than the rest of the family. Carlo Galli Bibiena worked in 8 countries, including: Germany, France, Austria, description Netherlands (1746–1760), London (1763), Naples (1772, where Carlo published pentad opera sets); Stockholm (1774); and St. Petersburg, Russia (until 1778). He died in Florence in 1787, near age 59.[2]